山西省气溶胶污染特征与农业活动的关系

Relationship between Aerosol Pollution Characteristics and Agricultural Activities in Shanxi Province

近年来,山西省大气污染日益严峻,而农业活动是大气污染排放的重要污染源之一,对大气环境的影响也日益突出。基于MODIS气溶胶产品数据,利用ENVI和ArcGIS对影像进行处理和合成,提取得到2005—2017年山西省的气溶胶光学厚度(AOD)值,并结合农业统计资料,分析了近12 a来AOD的时空变化特征与农业活动的关系。结果表明,从年际变化来看,AOD值与各农业影响因子呈微弱的负相关关系,具体表现在气溶胶污染会影响粮食种植面积、降低粮食产量和农业产值;从空间变化来看,山西省AOD值呈现南高北低、中部盆地地区高于东西两侧山地的分布特点;粮食种植面积大的地区AOD值高于种植面积小的地区,化肥施用量高的地区AOD值普遍较高;秸秆焚烧也成为大气污染的主要因素。

In recent years,air pollution in Shanxi province becomes increasingly severe,and agricultural activities are one of the important sources of air pollution emissions,and the impact on the atmospheric environment becomes increasingly prominent.Based on MODIS aerosol product data,this paper uses ENVI and ArcGIS to process and synthesize images,extracts the aerosol optical thickness(AOD)value of Shanxi province from 2005 to 2017,and analyzes the AOD of the past 12 years in combination with agricultural statistics,the relationship between temporal and spatial variation characteristics and agricultural activities.The results show that from the perspective of interannual variation,the AOD value has a weak negative correlation with various agricultural impact factors,which is reflected in the impact of aerosol pollution on grain acreage and the reduction of grain yield and agricultural output value.From the perspective of spatial change,Shanxi provincial AOD value is high in the south and low in the north,and the central part is higher than the distribution on the east and west sides.The AOD value of areas with large grain acreage is higher than that of areas with small planting area,and the AOD value of areas with high fertilizer application rate is generally higher.In addition,straw burning becomes a major factor in air pollution.