非遗传承人口述史的采集方法与侧重——基于贵州省的个案分析

Collection Methods and Emphasis on Oral History of Non-genetic Inheritors:Based on the Case Analysis of Guizhou

实现对非遗传承人口述史的科学采集,是保护和传承少数民族优良传统及历史文化的有效手段,是研究和发展贵州非物质文化遗产的重要举措,是强化民族自信、文化自信的学术路径。总结田野工作,认为对非遗传承人口述史的采集,应注重实录手法,侧重其生命历程化,考虑平民视角、历史视角与整体视角,使贵州非遗传承人口述史内容更加科学和丰富,使口述史体现贵州各民族特有的精神价值、思维方式、想象空间和文化意识。

Collecting the oral history of intangible cultural heritage inheritors in a scientific way is an effective means to protect and inherit the fine traditions and historical culture of ethnic minorities. It is also an important measure to study and develop Guizhou’s intangible cultural heritage, which will strengthen our national and cultural self-confidence through the academic approach. On the basis of the field work, this paper holds that more attention should be paid to recording techniques, their life course and considering the perspective of overall, civilians and history in collecting the oral history of intangible cultural heritage inheritors in Guizhou so as to make the narrative history of intangible cultural heritage inheritors in Guizhou more scientific and richer, and to make the oral history reflect the unique spiritual value, mode of thinking, imagination space and cultural consciousness of ethnic minorities in Guizhou.