环境规制对现存企业迁移行为的影响研究

Impact of Environ mental Regulation on Surviving Firms’Migration

在城市化发展过程中企业渐渐由中心区迁往外围区域,目前鲜有研究从这一视角观察企业迁移行为.从环境规制的角度对现存企业的迁移行为进行了探讨.实证分析发现在省级层面,废水污染费征收率提升显著减少企业在城市之间迁移的数量,废气污染费征收率提高增加企业在城市之间迁移的数量.在企业层面,环境规制增强显著提升企业在县区之间迁移的概率.利用国家贫困县名录,进一步发现废气污染费率增加显著提升企业往县和贫困县迁移的概率.进一步分析发现加入WTO、2003年污染费征收改革后污染费上升时企业显著提高向贫困县迁移的概率.最后研究发现环境规制提高了企业的创新水平以规避环境规制成本从而降低了迁移的概率.

During the period of urbanization,firms will move from the center of city to outside,then few studies have discussed the moving decision of firms through this mechanism.In this paper,we focus on how environmental regulation has an effect on the migration of firm.It is found that W astew ater pollution fees have a significantly negative effects on inter.city migrations of firms in provincial level,while waste gas pollution fees have a positive effect on inter.city migrations of firms.And environmental regulations have increased the migrations among counties in firm level.w aste gas pollution fees have a positive effect on moving to poor counties of firms,and the effect is more announced after joining the w TO and the reform of the collection of pollution fees.Finally,firm will engage more inputs of creation to avoid the increasing cost of environmental regulation,then they will not migrate.