高速铁路绝缘块耐环境能力的研究

Study on Environmental Resistance of the Gauge Block of High Speed Railway

铁路扣件系统是将钢轨固定在轨枕上,阻止钢轨相对于轨枕发生横纵向移动,保持轨距,在高速铁路运行过程中起到缓冲减震作用的系统。经过长期使用及列车的运行,有些尼龙产品扣件存在不同程度的损坏,产生松动现象,进而影响铁路运行安全。以扣件系统中的绝缘轨距块为研究对象,从环境及气候等多种因素研究其对轨距块性能的影响,找寻较为关键的影响因素。研究结果发现,室外环境放置的轨距块极限剪切性能下降更明显,耐冲击性更差。经过研究不同恶劣环境下轨距块性能的变化,发现高温高湿及高温环境下产品性能下降幅度较大,其中高温高湿影响最大。

The railway fastener system was a system which fixed the rail to the sleeper,prevented the rail from moving laterally and longitudinally relative to the sleeper,maintained the gauge,and acted as a buffer for damping during the operation of the high-speed railway. After long-term using and train operation,some nylon product fasteners had different degrees of damage,resulting in looseness,which could affect railway operation safety. The insulation gauge block in the fastener system was taken as the research object,and its influence on the performance of the gauge block was studied from various factors,such as,environment and climate to find the key influence factors. The results show that the ultimate shear performance and the impact resistance of the gauge block in the outdoor environment decline more obviously. After studying the changes of the gauge block performance under different harsh environments,it is found that the performance of the product in the high temperature with high humidity and high temperature environment is greatly reduced,and the high temperature with high humidity has the greatest impact.