免疫调节抗病毒中药的特性与应用

Characteristics and application of immune-regulating and antiviral Chinese materia medica

近期中国及世界各国的新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19)疫情严重,目前尚无特效药。西医抗新型冠状病毒(SARS-Co V-2)药物的安全性和有效性均在考察和试验中。中国多地用中医药治疗COVID-19临床治愈率较高,且治疗经济性较好。免疫调节抗病毒中药在调节免疫力的同时具有抗病毒作用,在治疗COVID-19中应用较多。筛选2000-2020年中国知网、万方、维普和Pubmed数据库明确报道具有抗病毒和免疫调节作用的11种免疫调节抗病毒中药(甘草、广藿香、金银花、黄芩、连翘、厚朴、柴胡、板蓝根、大黄、黄芪、鱼腥草),总结了其有效成分的抗病毒和免疫调节作用、理化性质及药动学特性,以及在临床方剂和中成药中的应用,以期为中医药更好地用于COVID-19临床防治提供参考。

Recently, the epidemic of novel coronavirus pneumonia(COVID-19) in China and other countries in the world is serious. There are at present no effective treatments for COVID-19. The safety and effectiveness of western anti-coronavirus drugs are under investigation. In many places in China, traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) has been used to treat COVID-19 with a high clinical cure rate. The treatment economics of TCM is good. The immune-regulating and antiviral TCM can enhance human immunity and exert an antiviral effect. They have been widely used in the anti-COVID-19 treatment. We consulted the database of CNKI, Wanfang, VIP and PubMed for screening the immune-regulating and antiviral TCMs(Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, Pogostemonis Herba, Lonicerae Japonicae Flos, Scutellariae Radix, Forsythiae Fructus, Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex, Bupleuri Radix, Isatidis Radix, Rhei Radix et Rhizoma, Astragali Radix, and Houttuyniae Herba). This article summarizes the physicochemical and pharmacokinetic characteristics, and the clinical application of the effective components of immune-regulating and antiviral TCM in the prescriptions and Chinese patent medicines, in order to provide a better reference for the clinical application of TCM.