技术异化视域下科技伦理人文效应探析

On the Humanistic Effect of Scientific and Technological Ethics from the Perspective of Technological Alienation

技术异化是马克思资本主义批判的重要内容。马克思技术异化思想揭示了资本主义制度下技术异化的现象、技术异化的逻辑及其消解路径。当前新技术促进人类经济社会发展的同时,繁衍出新异化现象,导致了资本消费逻辑的蔓延、人际关系"虚拟化"造成的情感性丧失、"私人空间"以及个人隐私权的侵犯等一系列非人文效应。因此,应坚持"以人为本"的技术创新原则,完善技术研发与运用的民主表达体系,健全技术预见机制,构建统一的技术伦理规范,重构科技伦理人文精神,从而提升人的主体地位,建立起技术与人的和谐关系。

Technological alienation is an important part of Marx’s critique of capitalism. Marx’s thought of technological alienation reveals the phenomenon and logic of technological alienation under the capitalist system and the way to resolve it. While the current new technology promotes the development of human economy and society, it breeds new alienation phenomenon, which leads to a series of non-humanistic effects, such as the spread of capital consumption logic, emotional loss caused by "virtualization" of interpersonal relationship, "private space" and the infringement upon the personal privacy right. Therefore, it is necessary to adhere to the principle of "people-oriented" technological innovation, improve the democratic expression system for technological research and development and application, create a sound mechanism for technological foresight, establish a unified technical ethics, and reconstruct the humanistic spirit of the scientific and technological ethics, so as to enhance the leading status of humans and harmonize the relationship between technology and humans.