益生菌对大肠癌的防治作用及机制研究进展

Research progress of probiotics in the prevention and treatment of colorectal cancer

大肠癌(colorectal cancer,CRC)是目前最常见的恶性肿瘤之一,CRC的发生及发展与肠道微生态有密切的关系。肠道菌群对于肠道功能的维持及内环境的平衡具有重要作用。肠道菌群失调可通过多种途径促进CRC的发生。益生菌是调节肠道微生态的主要方法,并可通过多种机制发挥抗肿瘤作用。本文综合目前研究进展,从调节肠道代谢产物、保护肠道黏膜屏障完整性、抑制肠道炎症、调节宿主免疫反应、促进凋亡和细胞分化、抑制细胞增殖等方面总结益生菌对癌前病变及CRC的防治作用及机制,为临床肠道微生态的调节及CRC的防治提供指导。

Colorectal cancer(CRC)is one of the most common malignant tumor.The occurrence and development of colorectal cancer are closely related to gut microbiota.Gut microbiota plays an important role in the maintenance of intestinal function and the balance of internal environment.Gut microbiota imbalance can promote the occurrence of CRC by various mechanisms.Administration of probiotics is the main way to regulate gut microbiota and could play an antitumor role in prevention of CRC.In this paper,we summarized the preventive and therapeutic effects and mechanisms of probiotics on CRC from the aspects of regulation of intestinal metabolites,protecting intestinal mucosal barrier integrity,inhibiting intestinal inflammation,regulating host immune response,promoting apoptosis and cell differentiation,inhibiting cell proliferation.The progress of this study will provide guidance for the regulation of gut microbiota and the prevention and treatment of precancerous lesion and CRC.