海洋环境影响评价及生态修复研究进展与展望

Progress and Prospect of Marine Environmental Impact Assessment and Ecological Restoration

随着人们对海洋资源环境重要性认知程度的加深,海洋环境影响评价和资源环境修复成为提高海洋资源开发利用价值、维护海洋生态与环境功能的重要方式。通过从海洋工程项目的环境问题诊断、海洋环境影响评价关键内容、海洋生态修复技术方法及效果等方面系统分析了近年来国内外海洋环评和生态修复研究进展,并对近年来我国海洋环评和修复工程实践中存在的问题和未来发展需求进行了分析,提出未来海洋环评和修复研究应重点注重和聚焦以下方面:1)海洋环境影响评价中的环境基线、监测技术、全球性影响及生态服务等方面的问题;2)海洋环境保护与生态修复思路的转变,包括修复目标、修复模式、评估指标、监管技术及资金来源等方面的转变。

With the increasing of the knowledge about the importance of marine resources and environment,the marine environmental impact assessment and the resource environmental restoration have been an important way to improve the exploitation and utilization of marine resources and to maintain the ecological and environmental functions of the sea.Progress in researches of marine environmental assessment and ecological restoration in the world in recent years is systematically reviewed from the aspects of environmental problem diagnosis of marine engineering projects,key contents of marine environmental impact assessment and technology and effect of marine ecological restoration.According to the problems occurring in the practices of marine environmental assessment and ecological restoration in China in recent years and based on the analysis of the requirements in the future development,it is suggested that the future researches of marine environmental assessment and ecological restoration in China should emphasize and focused on:1)environmental baseline,monitoring technology,global impact and ecosystem services in the marine environmental impact assessment;2)idea transformations in the marine environmental protection and ecological restoration,which include restoration objectives,restoration models,assessment indicators,regulatory technology and funding sources.