明代内阁首辅起源刍议

Brief Discussion About Origin of Shoufu of the Cabinet in Ming Dynasty

明代的内阁首辅是内阁的首席大学士,在政治、经济等方面对明朝的发展产生了巨大的影响,是研究明代历史的重要内容之一。目前多数学者认为,明代的内阁首辅应自明英宗天顺年间“掌文渊阁事”的李贤起。但是,因为首辅本身并非一种明确的政治制度,其产生并未有明文规定,故不能仅凭几个特定词来认定其起源。与此同时,首辅的起源又与内阁的产生息息相关,所以首辅的起源,应从永乐时期内阁的实际主要负责人解缙始。

Shoufu of the Ming dynasty was an official title of the chief bachelor of the cabinet,who held a great influence on the development of the Ming Dynasty in terms of politics and economy,and was one of the important factors to study the history of the Ming Dynasty.At present,most scholars in the academic circle believe that the Shoufu of the Ming Dynasty started from LI Xian,who was in charge of the"Wenyuan Affairs"during the Tianshun reign of Yingzong emperor of the Ming dynasty.However,because Shoufu was not apparently a political system,and there was no evident provision for its emergence,it is difficult to identify its origin only by a few specific words.At the same time,the origin of Shoufu was closely related to the emergence of the cabinet,so the origin of Shoufu should begin with the cabling of the actually principal responsible person XIE Jin in charge of the cabinet in the Yongle Period.