藏药熏倒牛种子及其萌发特性研究

Study on the seeds of Tibetan medicine Biebersteinia heterostemon and its germination characteristics

目的熏倒牛是一种常用的藏药植物,目前其栽培品罕见,野生资源破坏严重。本试验研究了熏倒牛种子的外观形态及萌发特性,为其应用开发和有效保护提供理论依据。方法观察熏倒牛种子外观性状特征,测定其千粒重、含水量和吸水率,并通过用不同浸种温度、不同发芽温度及3种不同植物生长素(GA 3、IAA、NAA)处理熏倒牛种子,采用培养皿滤纸法,研究其种子萌发特性。结果熏倒牛干燥种子千粒重为2.929 g,含水量为5.84%;吸水率为53.2%。熏倒牛种子萌发的最适温度为25℃;最佳浸种温度为40℃,GA 3、IAA、NAA 3种植物激素在一定浓度范围内,对熏倒牛种子的萌发均有促进作用,影响效果表现为GA 3>IAA>NAA,即GA 3促进作用最强,以GA 3180 mg·L^-1为最适浓度,发芽率和发芽势分别达到58%和53%,幼苗根长达到4.1 cm。结论该研究能够为熏倒牛的应用开发提供基础资料,针对其种子休眠机制的分析和萌发特性还应进一步深入研究。

Objective Biebersteinia heterostemon is a commonly used Tibetan medicine plant.At present,its cultivation products are rare,and wild resources are seriously damaged.This experiment studied the appearance and germination characteristics of B.heterostemon and provided theoretical basis for its application development and effective protection.Methods The appearance characteristics of B.heterostemon seeds were observed,and the 1000-grain weight,water content and water absorption rate were determined.The B.heterostemon seeds were treated by different soaking temperatures,different germination temperatures and 3 different auxins(GA 3,IAA,NAA).Study on seed germination characteristics by using the culture dish filter paper method.Results The 1000-grain weight of dried seeds of B.heterostemon was 2.929 g,the water content was 5.84%,and the water absorption rate was 53.2%.The optimum temperature for germination of B.heterostemon seeds was 25℃;The optimum soaking temperature was 40℃,and the GA 3,IAA and NAA 3 plant hormones have a certain concentration range,which promotes the germination of B.heterostemon seeds.The effect was GA 3>IAA>NAA,GA 3 promoted the strongest,GA 3180 mg·L^-1 was the optimum concentration,the germination rate and germination potential reached 58%and 53%,respectively,and the seedling root length reached 4.1 cm.Conclusion This study provided basic data for the application development of B.heterostemon.The analysis and germination characteristics of its seed dormancy mechanism should be further studied.