新冠肺炎疫情下中国医疗卫生设施现状与国际比较

The present condition of China's medical and health facilities in the epidemic situation of COVID-19,and a comparison with other countries

医疗卫生设施是改善民生、保障人民健康的重要基础设施。基于2018年的医疗卫生设施统计数据,以人均医疗卫生设施数量、人均医疗卫生机构床位数、人均医护人员配置标准等指标作为比较对象,分析了中国医疗卫生设施的地域分布、城乡二元差异、公办与民办医疗卫生设施差异,并与其他多个国家的相关指标进行比较。结合武汉各医院在抗击新冠肺炎疫情中遇到的现实问题,提出加强南部省份医疗卫生设施建设,加大对基层医疗卫生设施和医护人员的投入,积极引导民营医疗卫生机构参与突发公共卫生事件的治理,在医院规划中为突发公共卫生事件预留应急场地等建议。

The medical and health facilities are important infrastructure for improving people's livelihood and protecting people's health.The relationship between supply and demand of medical and health facilities in China needs to be reexamined in the epidemic situation of the COVID-19.Based on the statistics of the medical and health facilities in 2018,this paper selects the number of medical and health facilities per capita,the number of beds per medical and health facilities per capita,and the number of medical and health personnel per capita to make a comparison.This paper analyzes the regional distribution of medical and health facilities,the difference between urban and rural areas,and the difference between public and private medical and health facilities in China,and compares them with other countries.In view of the realistic problems of hospitals fighting against COVID-19 in Wuhan,the following suggestions are made:strengthening the medical and health facilities of provinces in South China,increasing the investment in primary health care facilities and medical stuff,guiding private medical institutions to participate in the management of public health emergencies,and reserving emergency sites for public health emergencies in hospital planning.