美国“制造业拓展合作伙伴计划”的经验及启示

Experience and enlightenment of American Manufacturing Extension Partnership

与发达工业国家相比,专业的技术扩散服务机构或机制在中国是缺失的。研究了美国“制造业拓展合作伙伴计划”的成功要素,包括:覆盖各州、关联拓展的服务网络,贴近需求、动态调整的服务内容,以立法为核心、以计划为基点的政策体系,公私合作、阶段调整的经费支持等。建议借鉴美国“制造业拓展合作伙伴计划”的成功经验,提出中国应新建专业的技术扩散服务机制,构建多层次、多要素构成的技术扩散服务网络,建立以市场为导向的长效运行机制,加强评估,完善内部报告与评价机制等政策建议。

As compared with the developed industrial countries,China lacks the professional technology diffusion service institutions or mechanisms.This paper reviews the successful experiences of the American Manufacturing Extension Partnership,including:the coverage of all states,the associated expansion of service networks,the close compliance with demand,the dynamic adjustment of service contents,the policy system with the legislation as the core,the plan as the basis,the publicprivate cooperation,and the stage adjustment of financial support.It is suggested that the service mechanism of the technology diffusion for newly-built directions in China should be established,a multi-level and multi-factor technology diffusion service network should be constructed,a market-oriented long-term operation mechanism should be established,the evaluation work should be strengthened,and the internal reporting and evaluation mechanism should be improved.