湘西永顺土家族祭油神习俗研究——基于长光村的田野调查

Study on the Custom of Offering Oil God to Tujia People in Yongshun Western Hunan:Based on Fieldwork in Zhangguang Village

祭油神习俗是湘西永顺土家族历史上普遍存在的一种文化现象,现今还保存在部分土家族传统村落之中。永顺长光村土家族祭油神习俗主要表现在油茶生产的相关禁忌以及仪式两个方面。湖南永顺油茶林农复合系统是武陵山区农业生产的重要内容,是活态传承着的重要农业文化遗产,从这个意义上来说,祭油神是一种农耕文化习俗。

The custom of offering sacrifices to oil gods is a common cultural phenomenon in the history of Tujia people in Yongshun, western hunan. The custom of offering oil to the god of Tujia people in Zhangguang village, Yongshun, is mainly manifested in the relevant taboos and rituals in the production of Camellia. Yongshun Camellia forest agricultural compound system is an important part of agricultural production in Wuling mountain area, and is an important agricultural cultural heritage inherited by the living state. In this sense, offering oil god is a kind of farming culture and custom.