注意缺陷多动障碍儿童睡眠问题的研究进展

Progress in sleep research in children with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder

注意缺陷多动障碍(ADHD)是儿童青少年常见的神经发育障碍性疾病,主要表现为与年龄发育不相称的注意力不集中、多动和/或冲动。ADHD易共患其他疾病,其中睡眠问题日益受到关注。患有睡眠问题的ADHD患儿可能会导致更加严重的功能障碍,影响情绪、注意力、行为,最终影响学校或者工作表现和生活质量。本文主要从ADHD患儿常见的睡眠问题、ADHD共患睡眠问题的病理机制及药物治疗对ADHD患儿睡眠的影响三个方面进行综述,以提高人们对二者之间联系的认识。

Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder(ADHD)is a common behavioral development disorder in children and adolescents,mainly characterized by inattention not matched with one′s age,hyperactivity and/or impulsivity.ADHD is easy to co-occur with other diseases,of which sleep problems have been paid increasing attention to in recent years.Children with both ADHD and sleep problems may cause more severe functional disorders,affecting mood,attention,behavior,and ultimately affecting school or work performance and quality of life.This article mainly reviews the common sleep problems of ADHD children,the pathological mechanism of ADHD comorbid sleep problems and the effects of medication on sleep in ADHD children so as to improve people′s understanding the relationship of the two.