民用飞机尾旋研究不同试验方法的比较

Comparison of different test methods for civil aircraft spin research

飞机的失速尾旋问题是飞机设计者在研发阶段所需要关注的重点之一,截至目前,已有多种手段可以采用,譬如数值计算、风洞试验、模型自由飞试验等。针对飞机尾旋的研究通常在尾旋风洞中进行,采用的试验手段有两种:自由尾旋试验和旋转天平试验,这两种试验原理和方法不同,但都能从不同的角度反映出飞机的尾旋特性。详细阐述了两种试验方法的过程和原理,通过实例表明了两种试验的结果是相辅相成的。

Aircraft stall-spin problem is always focused by aircraft designers during the design phase.So far,several methods can be used to investigate aircraft stall-spin problem,such as CFD analysis,wind tunnel tests,scaled model free flight tests.Aircraft spin research is commonly carried out in spin tunnel,and two techniques,free-spin test and rotary balance test can be chosen.The principle of these two tests are different,but aircraft spin characteristics can be obtained from these two tests in different point of view.This paper clearly presents these two tests,include principle and test process.The example comparison shows that the test results are supplementary to each other.