海绵城市化景观设计方法探析——以某小区海绵城市改造项目为例

Analysis of Landscape Design Methods with Sponge City Theory——Taking a sponge renovation project in an old community as an example

中国正处于快速城市化的进程中,城市快速扩张带来众多弊病,水资源短缺、水污染、内涝与干旱并存等成为中国城市可持续发展所面临的越来越紧迫的问题。传统的景观往往只具有绿化、美化环境、降温、增湿、减噪等自然属性,较少关注对雨水的消纳、调蓄与利用。本文通过分析研究海绵城市建设、园林景观设计及其二者的内在联系,结合北京市海绵城市建设试点范围内某个小区海绵专项改造工程实际案例,探析海绵城市化景观设计的方法,即在实现景观绿化、美化环境功能的基础上,如何科学合理地与海绵城市建设完美融合,进而达到削减雨水径流、提高防涝减灾能力、减轻径流污染、涵养地下水、增强雨水收集利用等一系列目标,更好地提升景观的经济、社会、生态效益,推动生态文明建设。

China is in the process of rapid urbanization,urban sprawl brings many disadvantages,including:water shortage,water pollution,waterlogging and drought coexist,which become more and more urgent problems for sustainable development of Chinese cities.However,the traditional landscape only has the natural attributes of greening,beautifying the environment,cooling,increasing humidity and reducing noise,and less attention is paid to the absorption,storage and utilization of rainwater.Based on the analysis of Sponge City construction,landscape design and their internal relations,combined with the actual case of a special sponge transformation project in a residential area within the pilot area of Beijing Sponge City construction,this paper analyzes the method of Sponge City landscape design,that is,how to integrate the construction of Sponge City scientifically and reasonably,to achieve a series of goals such as reducing rainwater runoff,improving the capacity of flood prevention and mitigation,reducing runoff pollution,conserving groundwater,enhancing rainwater collection and utilization,to better improve the economic,social and ecological benefits of the landscape,and to promote the construction of ecological civilization.