公共服务优先安排视域下农村基层治理体制的重构路径

The Reconstruction Path of Rural Governance System from the Perspective of Public Service Priority Arrangement

农村基层治理体制是距离农村居民最近的治理层次,也是提供服务的体制层次。我国农村地区公共服务一直是通过行政体制通道进入农村社会的。实现农村地区公共服务优先安排的关键在于打通自上而下的体制通道,建立以服务为重心的体制。体制越接近于农村基层,其服务性就越强。广东省清远市以服务为导向,从基层单元体系重组、体制职能重构、服务重心下沉、服务事权下放等方面切入,对农村基层治理体制进行重构,建立了以“乡镇公共服务中心—片区党政公共服务站—行政村(村委会)公共服务站—村落服务代办员”为核心的服务性治理体制。这一改革的重要价值在于将服务前置到一个合适的治理单元,这个单元既能近距离提供服务,也可以兼顾服务的规模效应与服务质量,均衡体制的行政与自治功能。实践证明,清远市农村治理体制改革增强了治理体制的服务功能与能力,对新时代实现“以体制创新破解公共服务优先安排”具有重要价值。

The rural grassroots governance system is the closest governance level to rural residents,and it is also the system level for providing services.China′s rural public services have always entered the rural society through institutional channels.The key to the implementation of public service priority arrangements in rural areas first lies in opening up the institutional channels and establishing a service-focused system.The closer the system is to the rural grassroots,the stronger its serviceability.Qingyuan city of Guangdong province is service-oriented,with grass-roots unit systems reorganized,system functions restructured,service focus sunk,and service power redistributed,and it has restructured rural grassroots governance system and established the service governance system centering on"Township Public Service Center-Regional Village Public Service Station-Administrative Village Public Service Station-Village Service Agent".The important value of this reform is to bring services to such a suitable unit,which can not only provide services conveniently,but also take the scale effect of services and service quality into account,balancing the administrative and autonomous functions of the system.The reform of the rural governance system in Qingyuan city has enhanced the service functions and capabilities of the governance system,and is of great value to"handling prioritizing public service arrangements with system innovation"in the New Era.