“一带一路”医疗援外项目卫生人员不同培养方式结果分析

Different ways of training health workers for “Belt and Road” medical aid project

目的探讨援外医疗救助"爱心行"项目中,针对柬埔寨医务人员不同培养形式初步结果。方法 2017年12月-2019年3月,横断面调查方法。近5年卫生人力资源培养相关文献查询,参加"爱心行"项目中国柬埔寨政府多部门,中国援外医疗队员,柬埔寨西部大学教授,参加培养柬埔寨卫生管理及医疗卫生人员等为访谈对象。半结构式访谈收集培养时间、内容类型及过程,分析比较长短期不同培训形式优缺点及初步结果。结果 7种形式共培养柬埔寨医生167人,来自柬埔寨4个省及金边市。其中硕士1名;长期进修(3月及以上)2名,会议及培训40名,与柬大学联合短期培训24名学员,来华现场培训实习5名,中国援外医疗队现场带教33人,中国流动医疗车现场带教培训70名。培训内容包括项目管理组织,筛查技能,心脏B超检查,Intensive Care Unit(ICU),心导管,经皮介入治疗结构性心脏病及车载心电图机,X线,生化分析仪使用等。结论援外项目应长短期培养相结合,多种培养形式有利于兼顾项目实施现场需求及长期项目影响。

Objective To explore the different training forms for Cambodian medical staff in "Belt and Road" medical aid project of China and to analyze its preliminary results. Methods A cross-sectional survey was carried out between December 2017 and March 2019. The relevant literature on health human resources training for the past five years was retrieved, and interviews were made among personnel of the related departments of the Chinese and Cambodian governments, members of the Chinese medical team, the professors of the Western University of Cambodia, and Cambodian trainees of the project. The semi-structured interviews collected information including training time, content, types, and processes. The advantages, disadvantages, preliminary results of the long-term and short-term trainings were analyzed. Results A total of 167 Cambodian doctors from four provinces in Cambodia and Phnom Penh were trained in seven forms. Among them, there were 1 studying for master’s degree, 2 receiving long-term training(3 months and longer), 40 attending conferences or trainings, 24 receiving short-term joint training with the University of Cambodia, 5 receiving on-the-spot training in China, 33 receiving on-site training by members of medical team from China, and 70 receiving on-site training on mobile medical vehicles of China. The training covered project management, screening skills, cardiac B-ultrasonic examination, Intensive Care Unit(ICU), cardiac catheterization, percutaneous intervention for structural heart disease and use of vehicle on-board electrocardiograph, X-ray, and biochemical analyzer. Conclusions It is necessary to carry out a combination of long-term and short-term training for the foreign aid projects. Various training forms are conducive to the local requirements and the long-term impact of the projects.