重庆江津区无偿献血者红细胞不规则抗体调查

Investigation on Irregular Antibodies to Red Blood Cells of Unpaid Blood Don ors in Jiangjin Chongqing

目的 调查分析红细胞不规则抗体在重庆市江津区无偿献血人群中的分布,为重庆市江津区开展电子配血和临床输血安全提供依据.方法 回顾性分析2016年1月至2018年12月在重庆市江津区中心血库献血的所有献血者血液标本,用微柱凝胶抗人球蛋白法进行红细胞不规则抗体筛查,再对筛查阳性的标本进行抗体特异性鉴定与分析.结果 得出不规则抗体阳性标本7例,阳性率0.09%;其中抗-D抗体2例,抗-E抗体3例,抗-M抗体1例;自身冷抗体1例;女性献血者阳性率0.12%,男性献血者阳性率0.07%,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).结论 本地区无偿献血人群中存在一定比例的不规则抗体阳性献血者,特异性抗体主要为抗-M、抗-E,非特异性抗体主要为冷抗体,加强对献血者不规则抗体的筛查和鉴定,对提高临床输血的安全水平,避免血液浪费,保障输血安全具有重要的意义.

Objective To investigate and analyze the distribution of erythrocyte irregular antibodies among noncompensated blood donors in jiangjin district,chongqing,and to provide evidence for the safety of electronic blood distribution and clinical blood transfusion in jiangjin district,chongqing.Methods The blood samples of all blood donors donated in the central blood bank of jiangjin district,chongqing from January 2016 to December 2018 were retrospectively analyzed.The irregular antibody screening of red blood cells was performed by microcolumn gel anti-human globulin method,and the antibody specific identification and analysis were performed on the positive samples.Results Irregular antibody positive samples were obtained in 7 cases,with a positive rate of 0.09%.There were 2 cases of anti-d antibody,3 cases of anti-e antibody and 1 case of anti-m antibody.Autochondriac antibody:1 case;The positive rate of female blood donors was 0.12%,while that of male blood donors was 0.07%,with no significant difference(P>0.05).Conclusion In the region have a certain proportion of unpaid blood donation population irregular antibody positive blood donors,specific antibody mainly-m resistance,anti-E,nonspecific antibody mainly for cold antibody,strengthen the irregular antibody screening and identification of blood donors,to improve the level of the safety of clinical blood transfusion to avoid waste of blood,has the vital significance to protect the safety of blood transfusion.