基于动态化学键构建自愈合高分子水凝胶

Self-healing polymer hydrogel based on dynamic chemical bonds

高分子水凝胶是一种具有三维网络结构的软材料,能够吸收并保持大量的水分。高分子水凝胶具有良好的生物相容性和力学性能,在生物医学和生物工程领域具有重要的应用价值。自愈合水凝胶是一种能够响应外界刺激并修复自身损伤的智能凝胶。相比传统水凝胶,自愈合水凝胶具有修复损伤的特性,近年来受到科学界的广泛关注。基于动态化学的自愈合水凝胶是一种能够通过动态的共价键或非共价键交联而重新形成三维网络结构从而修复损伤的新型自愈合水凝胶,该水凝胶能够快速多次地修复自身损伤,有良好的环境适应性,为开发多功能智能新材料奠定了基础。本文综述了近年来基于动态化学键构建自愈合水凝胶的研究进展,重点阐述了基于氢键相互作用、金属配位相互作用、主-客体相互作用、离子相互作用、亲疏水相互作用、亚胺键/酰腙键、硼酸酯键和二硫键的自愈合水凝胶的最新研究情况,同时提出了自愈合水凝胶的一些问题,并分析了未来的发展方向。

Polymer hydrogel is a soft material with a three-dimensional network structure that can absorb and retain a large amount of water. Polymer hydrogels have good biocompatibility, mechanical properties and important application value in biomedical and bioengineering fields. Self-healing hydrogels are smart hydrogels that respond to external stimuli and repair their own damage. Compared with the traditional hydrogel, the self-healing hydrogel has the property of repairing damage, and received extensive attention in the scientific field in recent years. Dynamic chemistry-based self-healing hydrogels are novel self-healing hydrogels that can reshape three-dimensional network structures by dynamic covalent or non-covalent bonding to repair damage. The new self-healing hydrogel can quickly repair its own damage and has good environmental adaptability, laying the foundation for the development of self-healing hydrogels as multifunctional new materials. The research progress of recent self-healing hydrogels based on dynamic chemistry was reviewed in this paper, especially focusing on the updated development on self-healing hydrogels based on hydrogen bonds, metal coordination interactions, host-guest interactions, ionic bonds, hydrophobic interactions, imine bonds/acylhydrazone bonds, borate bonds and disulphide bonds, and meanwhile, the problem of self-healing hydrogels was put forward, and the future direction of development was finally predicted.