伊犁生鲜乳中营养成分和氨基酸含量及其地区差异研究

Comparison of Nutritional Components and Amino Acids Regional Difference in the Raw Milk of Yili

试验旨在分析探讨伊犁生鲜乳中氨基酸、脂肪和蛋白质含量在不同地区的差异,以期为提高生鲜乳品质提供可靠的科学理论依据。试验选取伊犁特克斯县、昭苏县、巩留县、霍城县、伊宁县、尼勒克县、新源县、察布查尔锡伯自治县、霍尔果斯市、奎屯市、伊宁市8县3市共11个地区,采集同一季节1100批次奶罐奶,分析氨基酸含量以及不同地区脂肪、蛋白质和氨基酸含量的差异。结果表明:伊犁地区生鲜乳中氨基酸总量为2.762%,其中谷氨酸含量最高(0.57%),其次是络氨酸、精氨酸和天冬氨酸,甘氨酸的含量最低(0.063%)。伊犁地区生鲜乳中脂肪和蛋白质含量最高的均为察布查尔县,昭苏县(3.067%)和新源县含量最低(3.367%)。伊犁生鲜乳中氨基酸存在着显著的地区差异,主要表现为:与昭苏县相比,霍尔果斯市和伊宁县生鲜乳中总必需氨基酸(TEAA)、总氨基酸(TAA)的含量较高(P<0.05),伊宁县生鲜乳中苏氨酸、缬氨酸、异亮氨酸、苯丙氨酸、懒氨酸、组氨酸、谷氨酸、精氨酸、丝氨酸的含量较高(P<0.05),察布查尔县生鲜乳中苏氨酸和丝氨酸相对含量较高(P<0.05),特克斯县生鲜乳中亮氨酸、懒氨酸和脯氨酸的含量显著高于昭苏县(P<0.05)。综上所述,伊犁生鲜乳为优质乳品质,其中霍尔果斯、伊宁县、察布查尔县和特克斯县生鲜乳中氨基酸具有较高的营养价值。

The experiment aims to analyze the differences of amino acid,fat and protein content in different areas raw milk of Yili,in order to provide a reliable scientific theoretical basis for improving the quality of raw milk.The experiment selected Yili Tex,Zhaosu,Gongliu,Huocheng,Yining,Nileke,Xinyuan,Chabuchaer Xibo Autonomous,Horgos,Kuitun,Yining In 11 districts of 3 counties and 3 cities,1100 batches of milk cans were collected in the same season,and the amino acid content and the difference of fat,protein and amino acid content in different regions were analyzed.The results showed that the total amino acid content in Yili raw milk was 2.762%,among which glutamic acid content was the highest(0.57%),followed by tyrosine,arginine and aspartic acid,and glycine content was the lowest(0.063%).The high est fat of content and protein in Yili raw milk is Chabuchar,Zhaosu(3.067%)and Xinyuan have the lowest content(3.367%).There are sig nificant regional differences in amino acids in Yili raw milk,mainly as follows:the content of total essential amino acids(TEAA)and total ami no acids(TAA)in raw milk of Horgos and Yining County compared with Zhaosu County.Higher(P<0.05),threonine,valine,isoleucine,phenylalanine,serotonin,histidine,glutamic acid,arginine,serine in raw milk of Yining County The content of high content(P<0.05),the relative content of threonine and serine in fresh milk of Chabuchar County was higher(P<0.05),and leucine,serotonin and sputum in fresh milk of Tex County The content of amino acid was significantly higher than that of Zhaosu County(P<0.05).In summary,Yili raw milk is of high quality milk quality,among which the amino acids in raw milk of Horgos,Yining County,Chabuchaer County and Tex County have high nutritional value.