城市生态空间评价及量化标准分析——以长株潭城市群为例

Urban eco-spatial evaluation and measurement analysis:Taking Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan urban agglomeration as an example

【目的】科学评价与测度城市生态空间是生态文明建设过程中必不可少的手段,国内城市群生态空间量化评价标准的研究对保障城市生态安全、提升居民生活质量等具有重要意义。【方法】立足长株潭城市群发展实际,结合国内外相关研究成果,设计“人均生态空间面积”(PCES)与“步行可达范围覆盖率”(CWWD)两个基准指标,以长沙、株洲、湘潭城区的12个单元为研究对象,采用数据挖掘法和无量纲对比法对长株潭城市生态空间价值标准和绿地建设规划数量进行测度分析,以回归方程测算出长株潭城市生态空间的配置数量和要求。【结果】长株潭PCES和CWWD与城区自然地理条件、城区改造状况、产业发展布局等因素有着十分密切的关联:1)生态空间建设与分布状况都显示出比较明显的区位导向性;2)由于生态空间用地也是城市用地的重要方面,故人均城市建设用地面积的高低必然同步影响到人均生态空间面积;3)生态空间的建设呈现出明显的日常生活导向性和人口分布导向性;4)人口密度也是引导现状生态空间分布(覆盖比率)的主导因素,呈明显正相关。【结论】按照本研究配置要求,2025年长株潭城市完全能达到国家生态园林城市标准,即人均生态空间面积≥12 m^2,建成区绿化覆盖率≥45%,绿地面积占建成区面积≥38%。

【Objective】Scientific evaluation and measurement of urban ecological space is an essential means in the process of ecological civilization construction.The research on the quantitative evaluation standard of urban ecological space is of great significance to guarantee the urban ecological security and improve residents’quality of life.【Method】Based on the development of Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan urban agglomeration,combined with domestic and internationalrelevant research results,designs of“per capita ecological space area”(PCES)and“walk up to the scope of coverage”(CWWD)two benchmark,in Changsha,Zhuzhou and Xiangtan city 12 unit as the research object,using the data mining method and the dimensionless correlation method of Changzhutan urban ecological space value standard and the number of green space construction planning measure analysis,regression equation is calculated on the number of Changzhutan urban ecological space configuration and requirements.【Result】The PCES and CWWD in Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan are closely related to the physical geographical conditions,urban reconstruction,industrial development layout and other factors.1)The construction and distribution of ecological space show obvious locational orientation;2)As ecological space land is also an important aspect of urban land,the per capita urban construction land area will inevitably affect the per capita ecological space area synchronously;3)The construction of ecological space presents obvious daily life orientation and population distribution orientation;4)Population density is also the leading factor guiding the current ecological spatial distribution(Coverage ratio),showing a significant positive correlation.【Conclusion】In terms of the current situation of Changzhutan city,according to the configuration requirements of this study,it can fully meet the national standard of ecological garden city by 2025,that is,the per capita ecological space area≥12 m^2,the built area green coverage rate≥45%,and the green area of the built area≥38%.