灌溉管网调压池布置与管径同步优化研究

Optimizing Pipes Diameters and Layout of Pressure-regulating Tanks in Piped Irrigation Network

【目的】保证大规模自压式树状灌溉管网的安全运行,在管网系统中布置若干个调压池进行分区灌溉。【方法】采用基于整数编码的双重编码方法,将调压池和干管管网作为一个整体,以干管管道造价与调压池造价与干管管道造价之和最小为目标函数,以压力节点水头与管道流速为约束条件,建立相关数学模型,并运用遗传算法求解。【结果】该方法实现了调压池布置优化与管径优化的同步进行,最终在系统中共布置2座调压池,分别位于节点2与节点4,将管网系统分为3个区域。优化得到的配水干管总长度10 973.7 m,较人工经验法减少12.02%,系统总投资464.80万元,较人工经验法减少17.23%。优化后每个区域内各节点水头更为均衡,水头差最大区域为第Ⅰ区,仅有12.5m,较人工经验法的26.4m更为稳定均衡。【结论】基于整数编码的双重编码方法可获得较优的自压式树状灌溉管网调压池布置方案,为地形条件相似的管网布置提供了参考。

【Objective】The objective of this paper is to present an optimizing method to calculate the layout of pressure-regulating tanks and diameters of pipes in tree-shape piped irrigation network in attempts to improve its safety and reliability in operation.【Method】The optimization was based on the double-coding method with integer coding by integrating the pressure-regulating pool and the trunk pipe network as a system.The costs of the main pipes and the surge tanks was taken as the objective function,and water pressure at the nodes and water flow rate in the pipes were constrains.The optimization was solved using the genetic algorithm.【Result】For the studied case,the optimization results showed that it needed two pressure-regulating tanks,one at Node 2 and the other one at Node 4 with the system being divided into two sub-systems.The overall length of all pipes and the overall costs were 10937.7 m and 4.648 million Yuan,reducing by 12.02%and 17.23%,respectively,compared to those estimated from empirical method.【Conclusion】The dual-coding method based on integer coding is able to obtain the optimal tree-shape pipped irrigation network and the layout of the pressure-regulating tanks.The proposed methods can be used to design piped irrigation network in terrain fields.