“似真感”、历史叙述与文学自信——以张翎小说《劳燕》为例

“Verisimilitude”,Historical Narration and Literary Confidence——A Case Study of Zhang Ling’s Novel Lao Yan

张翎的长篇新作《劳燕》出版后就获得了海内外的广泛关注。该作一方面体现出张翎在写作方式上的锐意创新,同时也承续了其既往的写作经验与历史观念。正因如此,之前由批评界对张翎作品风格的“误认”所反映出的若干问题,同样出现在这部瑕不掩瑜的新作品中。张翎在《劳燕》中的历史叙事表现出文学想象力对历史的重构冲动,为宏大历史的个体言说积累了成功经验,但也束缚于过于繁琐的史料考证与堆砌之中,表现出形式结构芜杂、语体混乱的局限性。如何处理好历史叙事与文学叙事的关系,实现文学对历史的超越,将是张翎在文学道路上自我突破的关键。

Zhang Ling’s new novel Lao Yan has gained wide attention at home and abroad since its publication,for on the one hand,this work reflects Zhang Ling’s innovative writing style,and meanwhile it inherits her previous writing experience and historical ideas.For this reason,a number of issues previously reflected in the“misunderstanding”of Zhang Ling’s style in the critical circles have also appeared in this flawless new works.Zhang Ling’s historical narrative in Luo Yan shows the impulse of literary imagination to reconstruct history and accumulates successful experience for the individual speech of grand history,but it is also tied to the excessively cumbersome research and the stacking of historical materials,which shows the limitations of the confused formal structure and the chaotic style.How to deal with the relationship between historical narrative and literary narrative and realize the transcendence of literature over history will be the key to Zhang Ling’s self-breakthrough on the literary road.