2456例唾液腺肿瘤临床病理分析

Clinical and pathological analysis of 2456 cases of salivary gland tumor

目的探讨唾液腺肿瘤的发病、病理类型等临床特点。方法收集中山大学孙逸仙纪念医院口腔颌面外科1973年1月至2018年12月间确诊的唾液腺肿瘤病例2456例患者的相关资料,回顾分析其性别、年龄、病理类型、发病部位、良恶性构成比等特点。结果46年间收治的唾液腺肿瘤患者2456例,女性比例占41.9%,男性占58.1%,40~60岁年龄段为发病高峰,其中良性肿瘤1863例(75.9%),恶性肿瘤593例(24.1%),良恶性之比为3.1∶1。良性肿瘤构成比前2位是多形性腺瘤(58.7%)、Warthin瘤(33.6%),恶性肿瘤构成比前2位是黏液表皮样癌(27.7%)、腺样囊性癌(26.1%)。最常见的良性肿瘤多形性腺瘤的好发部位是腮腺、腭部、颌下腺,而恶性肿瘤中粘液表皮样癌则常见于腮腺和腭部的小唾液腺。本组资料中唾液腺肿瘤发病呈逐年递增的趋势,近10年病例占总病例数的53.3%。结论唾液腺肿瘤病人数量逐年增加;唾液腺肿瘤的总发生率男性高于女性;大唾液腺以良性肿瘤为主,小唾液腺恶性肿瘤多见;多形性腺瘤、Warthin瘤、黏液表皮样癌最常见;40~60岁是唾液腺良、恶性肿瘤高发年龄段。

Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics of salivary gland tumors and their pathological types.Methods Data from 2456 patients with salivary gland tumors diagnosed between January 1973 and December 2018 at Sun Yat sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat sen University were collected,and their gender,age and tumor path ological type,location,and benign and malignant composition ratios were retrospectively analyzed.Results Over the 46 year study period,2456 patients with salivary gland tumors were treated;41.9%were female,and 58.1%were male.The peak incidence was found among the 40 to 60 years of age group,in which 593(24.1%)patients had malignant tu mors and 1863(75.9%)had benign tumors.The ratio of benign and malignant tumors was 3.1∶1.The top two most com mon benign tumors were pleomorphic adenoma(58.7%)and Warthin tumors(33.6%).The top two most common malig nant tumors were mucoepidermoid carcinoma(27.7%)and adenoid cystic carcinoma(26.1%).The most common sites of benign pleomorphic adenomas were the parotid glands,palate,and submandibular glands.Mucinous epidermoid carcino mas in malignant tumors were common in the parotid glands and small salivary glands.The incidence of salivary gland tumors in this group has increased each year,and this group accounted for 53.3%of the total cases over the past 10 years.Conclusion The number of patients with salivary gland tumors is increasing each year.The total incidence of salivary gland tumors is higher in men than in women.Large salivary gland tumors are mainly benign tumors,and small salivary gland tumors are more common.Polymorphic adenomas,Warthin tumors,and mucoepidermoid carcinomas are the most common tumor types;patients 40~60 years old are most likely to have benign salivary glands and have a high incidence of malignant tumors.