街道绿化中樟黄化对应土壤影响因子研究

Soil Factors on Chlorosis Leaf Cinnamomum camphora in Street Greening

叶片黄化是植物对环境的一种适应。樟Cinnamomum camphora叶片黄化现象,不仅树木生长不良,还影响景观的美观度。以张家港市4条城市主要街道两旁发生叶片黄化樟的立地土壤为研究材料,以叶片正常樟的立地土壤为对照,通过采集0~20 cm及>20~40 cm土层土样进行pH、HCO3^-、有机质、速效氮、速效磷、速效钾、有效铁、有效锰、有效铜、有效锌等理化性质的测定,研究黄化樟与土壤因子之间的关系。结果表明,黄化樟土壤pH、HCO3^-、有效磷和有效铜含量均比正常株的高,而有机质、速效氮、速效钾、有效铁、有效锰、有效锌比正常株的低;土壤有效铁与pH、HCO3^-、有效磷、有效铜之间为负相关,而与有机质、速效氮、速效钾、有效锰、有效锌之间为正相关。为预防和治理樟黄化,建议施无机铁盐时配合施用有机肥、低磷的复合肥及酸化介质如红壤或酸化剂;增施如腐殖酸和黄腐酸等土壤改良剂或对土壤有益的生长素如萘乙酸、吲哚丁酸和细胞分裂素如苄氨基腺嘌呤等;还可引入可改变土壤理化性质的蚯蚓;改进减少肥料被土壤固定的施肥方式和引入新型肥料品种等。

On September 12,2018,soil samples of 0-20 cm and >20-40 cm were collected under normal and chlorosis leaf Cinnamomum camphora from 4 streets of Zhangjiagang city,Jiangsu province.Determinations were implemented on pH,HCO3^-,organic matter,available N,available P,available K,available Fe,available Mn,available Cu and available Zn,and analysis was made on relationship between chlorosis tree and soil factors.The results indicated that soil pH,HCO3^-,available P and available Cu of chlorosis trees was higher than that under normal trees,while its organic matter,available N,available K,available Fe,available Mn and available Zn was the opposite.The results also showed that pH,HCO3^-,available P and available Cu had negative correlation with available Fe,while organic matter,available N,available K,available Mn and available Zn had positive one.