《月夜》与思妇诗的“夺胎换骨”

On the Relationship between“Moon Night” and Lovesick Women Poetry

杜甫生活在盛唐诗歌极盛之际,前人的经验是他必须学习并超越的对象。从元稹开始的杜甫研究就高度关注杜甫诗歌活动与诗史运动的关系,这正是杜诗"集大成"说的思想来源,也是我们理解名作《月夜》诗特点的切入点。《月夜》诗的基本体式是师承了传统代言体的思妇诗,又借鉴了闺怨诗甚至宫体诗的某些手法。不过,杜甫根据自身生活经验表达的需要,他改造了思妇诗:他将寄内、赠内诗的规则和经验嵌入思妇诗,将思妇诗转化为自己独有的亲情诗,实现了继承与创造的完美统一,表现了自己源自深刻生活体验的巨大文化创造力。

Du Fu livedin the prime of Poetry in the Tang Dynasty.He had to learn from and surpass his predecessor's experience.Research on Du Fu's,from that by Yuan Zhen,paid close attention to the relationship between Du Fu's poetic activities and the history of poetry,which led to the belief that Du's poems epitomize Tang poetry and is also the starting point for us to understand the poetic characteristics of the famous poem of“Moon Night”.The basic style of the“Moon Night”originates from lovesick women poems and borrows some techniques from the poems of the girl complaint and even the palace-style poems.However,according to the needs expressed by his own life experience,Du Fu transformed the poetry of lovesick women poems:He embeds writing rules and experience of poems to one's wife so as to transform lovesick women poetry into his unique family poems,realizing the perfect unity of inheritance and creation,and demonstrating his great cultural creativity from his profound life experience.