难民还是边民?中缅边境战争涌入者身份研究

Refugees or Border Residents?A Study on the Status of War Influx on Sino-Myanmar Border

近年来,以“果敢事件”为代表的几次大规模的缅甸军事冲突致使大量缅甸民众涌入中国云南境内,然而,对于战争涌入者,究竟应当视其为难民还是边民?西方媒体和中国官方话语体系中赋予其截然不同的身份。本文分析了国际社会将战争涌入者界定为难民的依据;而中国鉴于现行边民认定中“地域决定论”的规制及国际形势的客观需要,在现实中,就难民身份甄别而言,制度、政治和社会等因素使中国并不具备将其界定为难民的主客观条件,而只能将其认定为边民。

In recent years,several large-scale military conflicts in Myanmar represented by"Kokang incident"made a large number of Burmese influx into Yunnan,China.However,for the war influx,should they be regarded as refugees or border residents?Western media and Chinese official discourse system give them different status.This paper analyzes the basis for the international community to define the war influx as refugees.Otherwise,China only determines the war influx into the border residents due to the lack of practical conditions:border status determination“Regional Determinism”and the request of international situation.In reality,considering the refugee status determination,China does not have the subjective and objective conditions to define them as refugees due to institutional,political and social factors,but can only identify them as border residents.