驾驶可靠性的人因分析及其管控

Study on Human Factors in Driving Reliability and Accident Control

驾驶可靠性既关乎驾驶者本人,也关乎他人的生命财产安全,甚至会影响社会安定,是和谐社会建设必须重视的课题。除受天气、交通环境、车辆状态影响外,驾驶可靠性还与驾驶人员的生理、心理因素,以及人-机-环的适配性关系密切。因此,驾驶安全的管控要充分考虑到人的生理、心理,以及交通环境设计、车辆设计与人的匹配度,通过普及和运用心理学的知识与理论,来降低危险驾驶的频率和危害程度。

Driving reliability is not only related to the driver himself,but also to the safety of other people's lives and property,and even affects social stability.It is an important issue that must be paid attention to in the construction of a harmonious society.Apart from being affected by weather,traffic environment and vehicle condition,driving reliability is also closely related to physiological and psychological factors of drivers,as well as the adaptability of man-machine-loop.Therefore,the management and control of driving safety should take full account of human physiology and psychology,as well as the matching degree of traffic environment design,vehicle design and human,and reduce the frequency and harm degree of dangerous driving by popularizing and applying the knowledge and theory of psychology.