某汽车厂工人腕管综合征工效学风险因素分析

Ergonomic risk factors of carpal tunnel syndrome in workers of an automobile factory

目的探讨汽车制造业工人腕管综合征(carpal tunnel syndrome,CTS)疼痛症状发生情况和危险因素,为CTS的预防提供理论依据。方法于2017年11月,以整群抽样方法选择某汽车厂工龄≥1年的446名工人作为调查对象,采用工作有关肌肉骨骼疾患(work-related musculosheatetal disorders,WMSDs)调查问卷进行问卷调查,以χ^2检验和非条件logistics回归分析与工人CTS疼痛症状发生相关的影响因素。结果该汽车制造业工人CTS疼痛发生率为20.8%。非条件logistics回归分析显示,长时间同一姿势工作(OR=2.137,95%CI:1.183~3.862)、因姿势不舒服而难用上劲(OR=2.067,95%CI:1.075~3.974)是CTS手腕部疼痛发生的危险因素,工龄(OR=0.537,95%CI:0.311~0.926)、充足工间休息(OR=0.489,95%CI:0.282~0.849)是CTS手腕部疼痛症状发生的保护因素。结论汽车制造业工人CTS疼痛发生率与劳动过程所处的姿势密切相关,应积极开展工效学干预措施。

Objective To investigate the occurrence of pain symptoms and risk factors of carpal tunnel syndrome(CTS)in automobile manufacturing workers and provide theoretical basis for the prevention of CTS.Methods From Nov.5th to Nov.19th,2017,446 workers in an automobile factory whose work age was above one year participate in questionnaires by cluster sampling.Chi square test and multifactor logistics regression analysis were used to analyze the factors related to the occurrence of CTS pain symptoms in workers.Results The incidence of CTS pain among workers in this automobile factory was 20.8%.Working in the same position for a long time(OR=2.137,95%CI:1.183-3.862)and unable to work reasonably because of uncomfortable posture(OR=2.067,95%CI:1.075-3.974)were identified as the risk factors of CTS pain symptoms by multifactor logistics regression analysis.Working age(OR=0.537,95%CI:0.311-0.926)and work break(OR=0.489,95%CI:0.282-0.849)were identified as the benefit factors of CTS pain symptoms.Conclusion The incidence of CTS pain in automobile manufacturing workers is related to the posture in the process of labor.Effective ergonomic interventions should be carried out to prevent the occurrence of CTS pain in automobile manufacturing workers.