行政机关拒绝行为法律属性之辨析--以司法审查为视角

On the Nature of Administrative Rejection: Through a Judicial Review Perspective

学界对行政机关拒绝行为的法律属性主要存在程序说和内容说两种观点。程序说主张拒绝行为是行政作为行为,内容说则认为拒绝行为属于行政不作为。然而,从行政行为的构成要件分析,拒绝行为符合行政作为行为的构成要件。实践中,将拒绝行为视为行政不作为,法院则会在审理思路、起诉期限、裁判方式选择等方面遇到难以克服的障碍。一旦将其视为作为行为,上述障碍即可避免。故行政机关拒绝行为的法律属性系行政作为,而非行政不作为。

Rejection by the government organization should be treated as an administrative omission or an administrative act? There are pros and cons in the academic research field. However, from the perspective of judicial practice, a judge will face insuperable difficulties in deciding time limit for commencement of action and choosing means of verdicts etc if administrative rejection is regarded as administrative omission. But all the hurdles could be removed if administrative rejection is taken as an administrative act. So a conclusion can be reached that administrative rejection should be treated as an administrative act if the government organization has clearly rejected the applicant’s application.