黄河源区草原生态保护补助奖励政策的减畜效果评价

Evaluation on the Effect of the Grassland Ecological Compensation Policy on Livestock Reduction in the Yellow River Source Area

以黄河源区为研究区,基于实地调查数据,采用计量经济模型和机会成本法分析草原生态补奖政策的减畜效果及其产生原因。结果表明:(1)补奖收入的估计系数为0.0029,统计上不显著,草原生态补奖政策在黄河源区的减畜效果有限;(2)黄河源区当前的草原生态补奖标准低于牧户减畜的机会成本是制约草原生态补奖政策减畜效果的重要原因。为提高草原生态补奖政策的实施效果,建议提高黄河源区现行草原生态补奖标准,同时综合考虑影响机会成本的草地生产力、畜群结构、牲畜价格等因素,并在不同地区间做出调整。

Based on the field survey data of the Yellow River source area,the econometric model and opportunity cost method were used to analyze the effect of grassland ecological compensation policy(GECP)on livestock reduction and its cause.The results showed that:1)the estimated coefficient of compensation income was 0.0029,which was not statistically significant.Therefore the effect of GECP on reducing livestock in the Yellow River source area was limited;2)the current grassland ecological compensation standard in the Yellow River source area was lower than the opportunity cost of livestock reduction,which was an important reason to restrict the effect of GECP.In order to improve the implementation effect of GECP,we propose to raise the current grassland ecological supplement standard in the Yellow River source area,and consider factors such as grassland productivity,herd structure and livestock price that affect the opportunity cost,and make adjustments among different regions.