成体神经干细胞诱导方案研究进展

Advances in research on induction strategies of adult neural stem cells

近年来,研究人员致力于构建遗传和表型稳定的神经干细胞系,旨在恢复神经组织不可逆转的功能丧失从而满足临床需求。其中,成人体内维持其多能状态的干细胞也成为研究的焦点之一。随着诱导多能干细胞和体细胞直接转分化为所需细胞类型等技术的发展,基于使用来自胚胎或胎儿神经组织的同种异体神经干细胞的研究方法逐渐成为过去。本文围绕诱导干细胞和重编程体细胞的多能状态维持及诱导神经干细胞的实验方案做一综述。

For decades,researchers have focused on building genetically and phenotypically stable neural stem cell lines designed to restore the irreversible loss of function of nerve tissue to meet clinical needs.Among them,stem cells that maintain their pluripotent state in adults have also become one of the research focuses.With the development of technologies such as induced pluripotent stem cells and direct differentiation of somatic cells into desired cell types,research methods based on the use of allogeneic neural stem cells derived from embryonic or fetal neural tissue have gradually become a thing of the past.This article will review the basic molecular mechanisms surrounding the maintenance of pluripotent states of stem cells and reprogrammed somatic cells,as well as experimental protocols for inducing neural stem cells.