贵州紫苏资源主要品质性状的分析与评价

Evaluation of main quality traits of local perilla resources in Guizhou

为探明贵州紫苏资源的分布及材料间的品质差异,推动资源利用和育种,对274份来自贵州的紫苏资源进行归类整理,并对其中188份资源的主要品质性状进行检测与分析,结果发现紫苏资源广泛分布于全省境内,以黔南、黔西南和毕节市居多,占资源总数的55.11%。贵州紫苏的脂肪和蛋白质平均含量分别为36.69%和25.96%。在脂肪酸组分中,亚麻酸含量最高(平均59.27%)。相关性分析显示,含油量和蛋白质呈极显著正相关(r=0.43),亚麻酸与其它4种脂肪酸组分均呈极显著负相关(r=-0.70^-0.52)。通过聚类分析将资源可分为高脂-高蛋白-高亚麻酸、高脂-高蛋白-低亚麻酸、低脂-低蛋白、中等品质和超高脂-超高亚麻酸等5个类型。

For better evaluate and utilize perilla resources in Guizhou,274 accessions were collected and clas sified to find out their features and differences.Among them,main seed quality traits of 188 resources were investi gated.Results showed that perilla resources were widely distributed throughout the province,and most of them were collected in the south,southwest and Bijie City of Guizhou,which together accounted for 55.11%of the total re sources.The average oil content and protein content of the tested perilla resources were 36.69%and 25.96%respec tively.The main component of the fatty acids was linolenic acid,with an average of 59.27%.Correlation analysis of the 7 main quality traits showed a significant positive correlation between oil and protein(r=0.43,p<0.01)and a significant negative correlation between linolenic acid and the other 4 fatty acid components(r=-0.70 to-0.52,p<0.01).By cluster analysis,the tested resources were classified into V types,regarded as OHPHLH(high oil,high pro tein,high linolenic acid)-type,OHPHLL(high oil,high protein,low linolenic acid)-type,OLPL(low oil and low pro tein)-type,medium quality-type and OUHLUH(ultra high oil-ultra high linolenic acid)-type respectively.The study clarified the regional distribution and quality characteristics of Guizhou’s perilla resources,and could benefit the researchers in high efficiency utilization and quality breeding of perilla.