甘蓝型油菜对常用稻田除草剂的耐性评价

Evaluation of rapeseed tolerance on rice herbicides

为降低稻田除草剂残留对油菜生产的风险,筛选不同除草剂耐性的油菜品种,以19个长江流域大面积应用的油菜品种为材料,选择吡嘧磺隆、丙草胺、灭草松、氰氟草酯等4种常用稻田除草剂,通过营养液纸培试验,考查发芽率及幼苗期株高、最大根长、鲜重、干重等性状,以各性状的耐除草剂系数作为衡量指标,对油菜品种进行除草剂的耐性综合评价。结果发现,在稻田除草剂胁迫下,油菜各生长指标反应因基因型而不同,差异显著。通过聚类分析筛选出与除草剂对应的耐性相对较强的油菜品种,并认为主成分分析、隶属函数法和聚类分析的方法综合评价更全面更稳定可靠。在稻-油生产模式中,建议根据水稻除草剂种类,选择对应的耐性油菜品种,降低生产风险。

Under rice-rapeseed rotation in the Yangzi River Basin,risk of rice herbicide residues on rapeseed production should be evaluate for selection of herbicide-tolerant rapeseed.Thus 19 rapeseed varieties were evaluat ed under pyrazosulfuron,pretilachlor,bentazone and cyhalofop herbicides stresses.Rapeseed traits were investigat ed on seed germination rate,plant height,maximum root length,fresh weight aboveground,fresh weight of roots,dry weight aboveground and root dry weight.Results showed that,under herbicide stresses,the tolerance coefficients of different genotype were significantly different.By cluster analysis,varieties were selected with relatively strong tol erance to different herbicides.It showed that comprehensive evaluation of herbicide tolerance was effective on rape seed by integration of principal component analysis,subordinative function value and clustering analysis,which could avoid bias and instability of single index analysis.It suggested a practical selecting method for rapeseed as succession crop after rice according to actual use of herbicides in rice plantation.