用微创的心导管技术制作兔心肌梗死模型

A Rabbit Model of Myocardial Infarction by Using Minimally Invasive Cardiac Catheter Technique

目的探讨应用心脏导管技术堵塞冠状动脉制作兔心肌梗死(MI)模型.方法25只兔经全身麻醉后分离颈动脉,穿刺颈动脉,置入5F血管鞘并固定.从血管鞘送入指引导管至主动脉根部的窦底,利用微导丝将微导管送入左前降支中或远段,沿微导管向左前降支中注入明胶海绵颗粒栓塞剂或弹簧圈,使左前降支闭塞,从而制作MI模型.1个月后取出心脏,行病理检测MI面积.结果25只兔共19只成功送入微导丝及微导管至左前降支.弹簧圈组兔10只,MI制作成功7只,饲养中死亡2只.明胶海绵颗粒栓塞剂组兔9只,MI制作成功7只,饲养中死亡1只.两组兔MI成功率及兔MI面积差异无统计学意义.结论通过心导管介入方法可制备兔MI模型,成功率高,MI特征稳定,可避免开胸损伤,更符合临床MI的病理特点.

Objective To establish a rabbit model of myocardial infarction(MI)by occluding coronary artery with cardiac catheter technique.Methods After general anesthesia,rabbit's carotid artery was isolated,and 5 F arterial sheath was inserted in carotid artery using Seldinger's method.Guiding catheter was send to the sinus at the root of the aorta through the arterial sheath.The microcatheter was inserted into the middle or distal left of anterior descending(LAD)by using a micro-guide wire.The middle or distal of LAD was occluded by injection of gelatin sponge embolic agent or spring coil through the microcatheter.After 1 month,the rabbit's heart was removed and the MI area was examined by pathology.Results Ninteen of 25 rabbits were successfully transported microcatheter into LAD.10 rabbits were completed by using the spring coil for MI model,the other 9 rabbits were completed by using the embolic agent.In the spring coil group,7 of them were successfully produced of MI model,2 of them died in feeding.In the embolic agent group,7 of them were successfully produced for MI models,one of them died in feeding.There was no significant difference in MI area and success rate between the two groups.Conclusions The rabbit MI model can be made by minimally invasive cardiac catheter technique with high success rate.It can avoid thoracotomy injury and be more similar with the pathological characteristics of clinical MI.