紫海胆急性毒性试验方法标准化探讨

Probe into Standardization of Acute Toxicity Test Method for Sea Urchin(Anthocidaris crassispina)

目的研究紫海胆急性毒性试验条件,为紫海胆急性毒性试验方法的标准化提供依据.方法将紫海胆受精卵置于20℃、22℃、24℃、26℃、28℃和30℃水温下培育,观察统计紫海胆胚胎和幼虫的发育时间和死亡率,统计不同起始日龄紫海胆浮游幼虫的Cr^6+、Zn^2+、3,5-二氯苯酚、十二烷基硫酸钠96 h毒性试验结果及其变异系数.结果水温24~26℃时,紫海胆幼虫成活率较高且发育速度较快;Cr^6+、Zn^2+、3,5-二氯苯酚、十二烷基硫酸钠对受精后12日龄幼虫的96 h的半数致死浓度(LC50)分别为1.40 mg/L、1.69 mg/L、3.60 mg/L和3.95 mg/L;12日龄紫海胆敏感性适中且其毒性试验结果变异系数较低.结论紫海胆浮游幼虫急性毒性试验适宜水温为24~26℃,最佳起始试验日龄为受精后12d,紫海胆是一种适于海洋污染物毒性测试物种.

Objective To optimize the sea urchin(Anthocidaris crassispina)acute toxicity test conditions and provide the scientific basis for standard test methods.Methods Cultivate sea urchins at a water temperature of 20℃,22℃,24℃,26℃,28℃ and 30℃ respectively,and record the larval development time and mortality.Calculate the 96 h LC50 and the coefficient of variation of Cr^6+,Zn^2+,3,5-Ddichlorophenol,Sodium dodecyl sulfate on the larvae at different developmental stages.Results In 24-26℃ water temperature,the survival rate was higher and the larval were growing more rapidly.The 96 h LC50 of 12 day-old sea urchin for Cr^6+,Zn^2+,3,5-Ddichlorophenol,Sodium dodecyl sulfate were 1.40,1.69,3.60 and 3.95 mg/L respectively.The sensitivity of 12 day-old sea urchin was moderate and the coefficient of variation of toxicity test was low.Conclusion The suitable temperature of acute toxicity test for sea urchin larvae is 24-26℃,and the best starting day age for the test is 12 days age.Anthocidaris crassispina is a species suitable for marine pollutant toxicity test.