干细胞来源外泌体的生物学特性研究进展

Research Progress on the Characteristics of Stem Cell Exosomes

目前,干细胞来源外泌体可通过不同的方法对其进行鉴定及提取,从而为干细胞来源外泌体的研究奠定了基础。研究发现干细胞来源外泌体在非肿瘤环境下可通过免疫调节、抗炎、抗氧化、调节蛋白及促进组织功能恢复等方式参与机体的调节功能,在缺氧、脂多糖及转染等外源诱导作用下可干预干细胞分泌外泌体的功能及外泌体的分泌作用。而在肿瘤环境下,多数研究报道干细胞外泌体具有促肿瘤的作用,而通过基因转染干细胞衍生的外泌体对肿瘤具有抑制作用。

At present,stem cell-derived exosomes can be identified and extracted by different methods,thus laying a foundation for the study of stem cell-derived exosomes.It has been found that stem cell-derived exosomes can participate in the body's regulatory functions in non-tumorous environments,such as immune regulation,anti-inflammatory,antioxidant,regulatory proteins and promoting tissue function recovery.They can interfere with the function of stem cell secretory exosomes and the secretory function of exosomes under exogenous induction such as hypoxia,lipopolysaccharide and transfection.However,in tumor environments,most studies reported that stem cell exosomes play the role of promoting tumors in the tumorous environment,but the exosomes derived from gene transfected stem cells have inhibitory effects on tumors.