2017-2018年北京市怀柔区食源性疾病流行病学特征分析

Analysis on epidemiological characteristics of foodborne diseases in Huairou District of Beijing from 2017-2018

目的对2017-2018年北京市怀柔区食源性疾病监测结果进行分析,了解北京市怀柔区食源性疾病流行病学特征,为预防和控制食源性疾病提供科学依据。方法分析2017-2018年北京市怀柔区食源性疾病监测资料。结果共报告病例901例,年龄集中在25~34和<5岁(25.53%和21.86%),高发期为5-8月(49.95%),可疑暴露食品中肉与肉制品占比最高(21.11%)。共采集标本838件,进行4种致病菌检测,阳性率为19.57%;阳性率最高的致病菌为致泻性大肠埃希菌(12.89%),其次为副溶血性弧菌(4.89%)。抽取243件标本开展诺如病毒检测,阳性标本72件,阳性率为29.63%。结论北京市怀柔区食源性疾病发病高峰集中在5-8月,病例集中在25~34和<5岁人群,病例中致泻性大肠埃希菌和诺如病毒感染比例较高。应加快食源性疾病监测工作信息化建设,开展联防联控和宣传工作,以减少食源性疾病的发生。

Objective To analyze the surveillance results of foodborne diseases in Huairou District of Beijing from 2017-2018,understand the epidemiological characteristics of foodborne diseases in this area, and provide scientific basis for prevention and control of foodborne diseases. Methods The surveillance data of foodborne diseases in Huairou District of Beijing from 2017-2018 were analyzed. Results Totally 901 cases were reported. The age distribution was mainly in the groups of 25-35 and <5 years old(25.53% and 21.86%). The peak season appeared May to August(49.95%). The largest proportion of suspected food was meat and its products. 838 samples were detected for four pathogens and the positive rate 19.57%. The positive rate of diarrhea causing Escherichia coli was the highest(12.89%), followed by Vibrio parahaemolyticus(4.89%). 243 samples were detected for norovirus and72 samples were positive, with the positive rate of 29.63%. Conclusion The peak season of foodborne diseases in Huairou District of Beijing appear May to August, the age distribution is mainly in the groups of 25-35 and <5 years old, and the cases caused by diarrhea causing Escherichia coli and norovirus account the largest proportion. It is necessary to speed up the information construction of foodborne disease monitoring, and carry out joint prevention, control and publicity, to reduce the occurrence of foodborne diseases.