2014-2018年大理市法定传染病疫情分析

Analysis on epidemic situation of notifiable infectious diseases in Dali City from 2014-2018

目的分析2014-2018年大理市法定传染病流行特征,探索其变化规律,为制定有效的预防控制措施提供参考依据。方法采用描述流行病学方法对2014-2018年大理市法定传染病疫情资料进行分析。结果2014-2018年大理市共报告法定传染病26种,共14159例,年均发病率为454.30/10万,总体呈波动下降趋势。疾病主要以手足口病、病毒性肝炎、细菌性痢疾和肺结核为主。男性发病率(542.57/10万)高于女性(367.99/10万),发病年龄集中在0~4和20~59岁组,职业以散居儿童(38.84%)、幼托儿童(19.82%)和农民(17.55%)为主。病例集中在6、7和9月,大理市12个乡镇均有分布。结论2014-2018年大理市法定传染病总体呈下降趋势,要重视高发传染病的防控,针对疾病及其流行特点制定并采取防控措施。

Objective To analyze the epidemic characteristics of notifiable infectious diseases in Dali City from 2014-2018,explore its changing regularity, and provide reference basis for formulating effective prevention and control measures. Methods The epidemic data of notifiable infectious diseases in Dali City from 2014-2018 were analyzed with descriptive epidemiological method. Results From 2014-2018, 14 159 cases of 26 species of notifiable infectious diseases were reported in Dali City, with the average annual incidence rate of 454.30/lakh, which showed a fluctuating decrease trend. The main diseases were hand-footmouth disease, viral hepatitis, bacterial dysentery and tuberculosis. The incidence rate in males(542.57/lakh) was higher than that in females(367.99/lakh). The age distribution mainly concentrated in 0-4 and 20-59 year-old groups. The occupational distribution showed a concentration of cases in scattered children(38.84%), childcare children(19.82%) and farmers(17.55%). The peak season appeared in July, June and September, and the cases distributed in all of 12 towns in Dali City. Conclusion From 2014-2018,the epidemic of notifiable infectious diseases in Dali City shows a decrease trend. It is necessary to pay attention to the prevention and control to the high-risk infectious diseases, formulate and take prevention and control measures according to the disease and its epidemic characteristics.