2018年张家港市重点职业病监测电焊烟尘接触者肺功能异常情况分析

Analysis of abnormal pulmonary function of workers exposed to welding fume in key occupational disease monitoring of Zhangjiagang City in 2018

目的了解2018年张家港市重点职业病监测中电焊烟尘接触者呼吸异常情况及其影响因素,为预防和控制职业性肺功能异常提供理论依据。方法收集2018年张家港市重点职业病监测电焊烟尘接触者职业健康检查资料,分别按职工的年龄、工龄、性别以及企业规模、经济类型等因素进行统计分析。结果2018年张家港市重点职业病监测电焊烟尘接触者健康检查4385人,其中肺功能检查结果异常为922人,异常检出率为21.03%;职工的年龄、工龄、性别、企业规模、经济类型等不同因素下异常率比较,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05);肺功能异常检出率随着年龄的增长逐渐增高(P<0.05)。结论接触电焊烟尘对劳动者的肺功能有明显的影响,不同的年龄、工龄、企业规模、经济类型等因素下异常率关联水平存在一定的变化趋势。应采取有效的防护措施,针对不同规模、经济类型的企业制定相应的防治策略。

Objective To understand the respiratory abnormalities and influencing factors of workers exposed to welding fume in key occupational disease monitoring of Zhangjiagang City in 2018, provide theoretical basis for the prevention and control of occupational pulmonary dysfunction. Methods The occupational health examination data of workers exposed to welding fume in key occupational disease monitoring of Zhangjiagang City in 2018 were collected, and the statistical analysis was conducted according to age, working age, gender, enterprise scale and economic type. Results In 2018, there were 4 385 workers exposed to welding fume receiving the health examination in key occupational disease monitoring of Zhangjiagang City in 2018, and 922 were abnormal in lung function test results, the abnormal rate was 21.03%. There were statistically significant differences in abnormal rate among different groups in age, length of service, sex, enterprise scale and economic type(all P<0.05). The detection rate of abnormal lung function increased with age(P<0.05). Conclusion Exposure to welding fume has obvious impairment on the lung function of workers. With the difference of age, length of service, enterprise scale and other factors, the correlation level has a certain change trend. Effective protective measures should be taken, and corresponding prevention and control strategies should be formulated for enterprises of different scale and economic type.