广东徐闻沿海滩涂红树林保护区入侵植物现状及防治策略

Current Situation and Control of Invasive Plants in a Mangrove Reserve along the Coast of Xuwen,Guangdong

从沿海入侵植物的危害以及徐闻沿海滩涂红树林保护区入侵植物现状着手,对雷州半岛徐闻沿海滩涂红树林保护区实地调查结果进行分析。结果表明,徐闻沿海滩涂红树林保护区有外来入侵植物12科25属共29种。本次调查的29种入侵植物多以草本植物为主,灌木次之,草本植物以菊科(Compositae)植物居多,比例高达34.5%;苋科(Amaranthaceae)植物次之,比例达17.3%。通过查阅相关文献确定入侵植物的原产地,发现有25种入侵种类来自美洲地区,占入侵植物总数的86.2%。通过对入侵植物的分类、繁殖特性、生境、生活型等研究,总结出徐闻沿海红树林保护区入侵植物的入侵特性并提出相应防治策略,以期为将来雷州半岛徐闻沿海滩涂红树林保护区植物资源的管理、发展和可持续利用提供参考。

This status and damaged caused by invasive plants in the Xuwen reserve of the coastal mangrove forest protected area of Leizhou Peninsula was studied.There were 29 species of alien invasive plants from 12 families and 25 genera in the reserve,most of them herbaceous plants followed by shrubs.Most of the herbaceous plants belonged to Compositae with a proportion as high as 34%and,Amaranthaceae(17%).Twenty-five(86%)invasive species came from the Americas.The main characteristics(classification,reproduction characteristics,habitats,and life forms)of the invasive plants were summarized and control strategies were proposed to provide a reference framework for the management,development and sustainable use of plant resources in the coastal mangrove forest protected area in Leizhou Peninsula.