杂交高粱不同部位营养成分比较分析

A Comparative Analysis of Nutritional Components in Different Parts of Hybrid Sorghum Genotypes

为研究不同杂交高粱在新疆地区的适应性及品质特性,以辽杂37号、辽杂36号、辽杂19号、辽粘3号4个品种的杂交高粱为试材,比较不同杂交高粱在新疆奇台县的农艺性状、秸秆及籽粒的营养成分.结果表明,引进的4个高粱品种在奇台县都能成熟,生育期为139 d.辽杂37号的籽粒产量最高,为6 240.90 kg/hm^2,与辽杂36号差异无统计学意义,但与辽杂19号和辽粘3号的产量差异有统计学意义.不同品种秸秆的总糖、还原糖和粗纤维素质量分数有差异,而粗蛋白质质量分数差异无统计学意义.总糖质量分数范围在1.61%~6.92%,其中辽杂37号秸秆的总糖质量分数最高,辽杂36号秸秆总糖质量分数最低.辽杂19号秸秆粗纤维素质量分数最低,辽杂36号秸秆粗纤维素最高.不同杂交高粱籽粒的粗蛋白质和淀粉质量分数有差异,而籽粒的粗灰分质量分数差异无统计学意义.其中辽杂36号的籽粒粗蛋白质质量分数最高,为14.30%.辽粘3号和辽杂36号籽粒的淀粉质量分数较高,分别为77.77%,76.80%,它们之间差异无统计学意义.和辽杂36号、辽杂19号、辽粘3号相比,辽杂37号具有较高的籽粒产量、可溶性糖、粗蛋白质和高籽粒淀粉,综合性状比较好,在新疆奇台县具有一定的推广种植价值.

In order to study the adaptability and quality characteristics of different hybrid sorghum in Xinjiang, four introduced hybrid sorghum varieties, Liaoza 37, Liaoza 36, Liaoza 19 and Liaonian 3, were planted in Qitai County, Xinjiang, and their agronomic characteristics, and straw and grain nutritional components were compared. The results showed that all the four introduced sorghum varieties could mature in Qitai County with a growth period of 139 days. Liaoza 37 gave the highest grain yield(6 240.90 kg/ha), which was not significantly different from Liaoza 36, but significantly different from Liaoza 19 and Liaonian 3. The four varieties had different contents of total sugar, reducing sugar and crude cellulose in their straw, but the crude protein content was not significantly different. Total sugar content ranged from 1.61% to 6.92%, being the highest in Liaoza 37 and the lowest in Liaoza 36. Liaoza 19 had the lowest crude cellulose content in the straw, and Liaoza 36 the highest. The varieties were different in their grain crude protein and starch contents, and non-different in the content of crude ash. Liaoza 36 had the highest grain crude protein content(14.30%). The starch content of Liaoyin 3 and Liaoza 36 was higher, being 77.77% and 76.80%, respectively. In this study, Liaoza 37 had higher grain yield, soluble sugar, crude protein and grain starch than Liaoza 36, Liaoza 19 and Liaonian 3 and, therefore, is recommended for extension in cultivation in Qitai County of Xinjiang.