轻度智力障碍儿童基本运动技能与BMI的相关性研究

Relationships between Fundamental Movement Skill and BMI of Children with Mild Intellectual Disability

目的:了解轻度智力障碍儿童基本运动技能(Fundamental Movement Skill,FMS)发展水平和体质量指数(Body Mass Index,BMI)特征,探讨二者之间的关系,为该群体超重肥胖问题的解决拓宽视野,提供思路。方法:对86名9~12岁轻度智力障碍儿童的BMI(kg/m2)进行测量与评价,采用TGMD-2对被试的基本运动技能进行测试与评价,对相关数据进行统计分析。结果:轻度智力障碍儿童身高、体重、BMI均无显著性别差异(P>0.05),样本的位移技能得分显著高于物体控制技能(P<0.01),BMI正常组的位移技能得分显著高于超重和肥胖组(P<0.05);控制技能得分正常组显著高于肥胖组(P<0.05),与超重组之间的差异不具有统计学意义(P>0.05),位移技能得分与BMI呈负相关关系(r=-0.362,P<0.05);控制技能与BMI之间并未表现出显著的相关关系(r=-0.256,P>0.05),回归分析显示TGMD-2测试得分能够解释BMI变化的13.1%(R^2=0.131,P=0.013)。结论:基本运动技能水平可能是影响轻度智力障碍儿童身体成分状态的重要因素之一,基本运动技能与BMI之间呈负相关关系,超重、肥胖者的基本运动技能水平较体重正常儿童偏低,移动技能发展对于BMI具有重要影响。基本运动技能水平的提高可能成为该群体健康发展的新路径。

Objective:To investigate fundamental movement skill(FMS),and body mass index(BMI)in children with mild intellectual disability,and to examine the relationships between them to provide a new way to solve the problem of overweight and obesity. Methods:BMI(kg/m^2)of 86 children with intellectual disability aged 9~12 years were measured. TGMD-2 was used to test and evaluate the fundamental movement skill of the subjects. Conduct statistical analysis of the data. Results:There was no significant difference in height,weight and BMI between male and female(P>0.05);The score of locomotion skill was significantly higher than that of object control skill(P<0.01);The locomotion skill score of the normal BMI group was significantly higher than that of the overweight and obese groups(P<0.05). The object control skill score of the normal group was significantly higher than that of the obesity group(P<0.05),and the difference between obesity and overweight group was not statistically significant(P>0.05). Locomotion skill score was negatively correlated with BMI,but the correlation was weak(r=-0.362,P<0.05);Regression analysis showed that 13.1% of the change in BMI could be explained by the TGMD-2 score(R^2=0.131,P=0.013). Conclusions:FMS may be one of the important factors affecting the physical composition of children with mild intellectual disability,there was a negative correlation between FMS and BMI,the level of FMS of overweight and obese children is lower than that of normal weight children,locomotion skill development has an important impact on BMI. The improvement of FMS may be a new way for the healthy development of this group.