新增建设用地指标交易:体系构建和效率提升

Incremental Construction Land Quota Transaction:System Construction and Efficiency Improvement

指标交易体系构建被认为是提升我国新增建设用地配置效率的一条可行路径。但是现有的新增建设用地指标交易体系研究多立足于静态视角,着重强调指标跨区域流转的改善作用,忽略了指标实质存在当年"未用即废"的代际特性,由此可能影响指标交易体系对于新增建设用地配置效率的提升作用。故此,本研究将代际因素纳入考虑,从理论层面解析新增建设用地指标交易体系对新增建设用地配置效率的优化作用,并运用贵州省的面板数据与现实案例进行了实证检验。研究发现,我国现行新增建设用地"计划配置"模式不仅存在空间配置失灵,也因为指标具有时效性而存在代际配置失灵;指标交易静态体系虽然可以减少空间配置效率损失,但由于其对代际因素的忽略,造成交易体系的作用效果在现实中受限甚至失效;指标交易动态体系由于兼顾空间与代际双重因素,可以最大程度优化新增建设用地的配置效率。

The construction of land quota transaction system is considered as a feasible way to improve the allocation efficiency of incremental construction land.However,the existing studies on the land quota transaction system are mostly based on the static perspective,only emphasizing the improvement of allocation efficiency through trans-regional land quota transfer,while ignoring the impact of intergenerational land quota transfer(the land quota are wasted if not used in the year)on the improvement of allocation efficiency.Therefore,taking intergenerational factor into consideration,this paper theoretically analyzes the improvement effect of quota transaction system on incremental construction land allocation efficiency,and then empirically verifies the improvement effect by using panel data and real cases in Guizhou Province.It is found that the current incremental construction land"plan allocation"mode not only has spatial allocation failure,but also has possible intergenerational allocation failure.Although the static quota transaction system can reduce the loss of spatial allocation efficiency,the effect is restricted or even invalidated in reality because of the ignorance of the intergenerational factor.Considering both spatial and intergenerational factors,the dynamic quota transaction system could optimize the allocation efficiency of incremental construction land to the greatest extent.