论南北宋之交理学家诗论及文学史意义

On the Poetics of the Neo-Confucianists Lived in the Turn of the Song Dynasty and the Significance of Them in Literary History

南北宋之际理学家学术上主要继承北宋诸子,论述诗歌也多流露出重道轻文的倾向,恪守儒家诗教观。然而,南北宋之际理学家论诗并非亦步亦趋于前人,而是有意无意偏离前人的传统:不仅仅研究《诗经》本体,还将《诗经》作为工具考量其他诗歌,张戒甚至提出《诗经》中不少诗歌属于爱情诗;论诗的视野突破前人,关注前辈理学家所不关注的文学体制与文本;开始在文学本体意义上讨论诗歌技巧等问题。南北宋之际理学家的诗论从某种意义上说是理学家开始对诗人身份的认同,为此后理学家与诗人身份合二为一的滥觞,具有非常重要的文学史与学术史意义。

During the turn of the Song Dynasty,the Neo-Confucianists mainly inherited academy from the scholars of the Northern Song.They Showed a tendency to emphasize the importance of Confucian orthodoxy over the literature,and they abided strictly by the Confucian traditional poetics.However,they didn’t comment on poems by following their predecessors at every step,but deviating from the traditions of their predecessors inadvertently.They did research on the ontology of The Book of Songs,further more they utilized it as a tool to judge other poems.Many poems in The Book of Songs were even assigned to love poems by Zhang Jie.Their vision of poetry analysis surpassed their predecessors by paying attention to the literature system and text which the predecessors ignored.They began to discuss poetic technique in the ontological sense of literature.Neo-Confucianists of the turn of the Song Dynasty began to identify themselves as poets.After that,the identity of Neo-Confucianist and poet rolled up into one.It has very important significance in literary history and academic history.