儿童创伤性脊髓损伤研究进展

Advance in Traumatic Pediatric Spinal Cord Injury(review)

关于儿童创伤性脊髓损伤的发生率、致伤原因、损伤机制和预后,国内外文献报道存在不同。近年来国内舞蹈课上儿童脊髓损伤的案例多发,引起社会关注。本文对近10年国内外相关文献进行综述,发现国外创伤性儿童脊髓损伤的致伤原因仍以车祸和坠落多见,颈椎损伤较多;而国内各种运动性损伤所占比例越来越高,如舞蹈下腰动作。损伤节段以胸髓多见,损伤机理包括脊髓牵拉和血管损伤。该类损伤在诊断、治疗及预后判断等方面尚未形成共识。

There are differences in the incidence,causes,mechanisms and prognosis of traumatic spinal cord injury in children between domestic and foreign literatures.Especially in recent years,there are many cases of traumatic spinal cord injury in dance classes in China,which has aroused common concern.This paper reviewed the related literature in recent ten years at home and abroad.It is found that the causes of traumatic spinal cord injury in children abroad are still car accidents and falls,and cervical spine injury is more common.In China,the proportion of spinal injury caused by exercise is increasing,such as back bend dancing movements.Thoracic spinal cord injury is the mostly common.The mechanism of injury includes spinal cord traction and vascular injury.There is still no consensus on the diagnosis,treatment and prognosis of such injuries.