比较政治学在东南亚权威主义研究中的新进展:议题、方法与趋势

The New Advance of Comparative Politics in the Study of Authoritarianism in Southeast Asia:Issues,Methods,and Trends

自21世纪以来,比较政治学研究发生了从"民主转型"到权威主义政治的转向,东南亚的权威主义国家也得到了比此前更多的关注。现有研究已经建立起系统的理论分析框架,形成了从权威主义起源到运作过程,再到持续结果的主要研究议题,出现了以斯雷特、比宾斯基和布朗利为代表的学者群体,他们分别提出了抗争政治与权威主义利维坦形成、执政党组织与权威主义持续性以及精英联盟关系与经济危机结果等理论。这些研究采用了诸如控制式比较、过程追踪和正负面案例的比较分析方法,并引入了时间和空间等维度去发展和检验理论。在未来的研究中,澄清起源和运作过程对权威主义持续结果的作用以形成统一的理论框架,在权威主义韧性外引入经济发展、社会稳定和公共福利等国家治理维度的议题,拓宽研究视野,将区域政治与国别政治相结合,是东南亚权威主义三个值得进一步探讨的研究方向。

Since the 21 st century,with the"transitology"paradigm turned to authoritarian regimes in comparative politics,the authoritarian countries in Southeast Asia have received much more attention.Current literature has established a systematic theoretical analysis framework and formed the main research topics containing the origin of authoritarianism to the process of authoritarianism to the results of regimes.The scholars such as Dan Slater,Thomas B.Pepinsky and Jason Brownlee,who have proposed theories of contentious politics and authoritarian leviathans,elite coalition and the economic crisis,and party organizations and durability of regimes.In these researches,the scholars took such as controlled comparison,process tracking,and positive and negative cases comparative analysis method,and introduced the dimensions of time and space to develop and test the theories.This article proposes three important implications for future efforts in understanding the authoritarianism in Southeast Asia.Foremost,clarify the effects of origin and process on the duration of the regime to form a more integrated theory.Second,bring governance to the field of the durability of authoritarianism.Third,broaden research horizon and combine regional politics with local politics.