2018年郑州市城乡18岁以上女性居民血脂异常状况及危险因素分析

Analysis on dyslipidemia status and risk factors of urban and rural female residents over the age of 18 in zhengzhou in 2018

目的了解2018年郑州市城乡18岁以上女性居民血脂异常流行病学特征,为血脂异常的预防干预提供科学依据。方法采用多阶段分层整群随机抽样方法,抽取郑州市2区2县4 013名18岁以上女性常住居民为调查对象,进行问卷调查、身体测量和静脉血检测,用SPSS 21.0软件进行统计分析。结果郑州市城乡女性居民中,以高甘油三酯及低高密度脂蛋白为代表的血脂异常检出率率为21.06%,其中,城区血脂异常检出率为25.73%,高于农村的16.44%(P<0.001)。高血压、糖尿病和肥胖检出率分别为26.64%、13.13%和16.77%。40岁以上各年龄组血脂异常城区高于农村(P<0.001),高血压、超重肥胖和中心性肥胖检出率均为农村高于城区(P<0.001)。结论郑州市城区女性居民血脂异常率高于农村,应早期针对具有肥胖等危险因素的高危人群进行健康干预,并通过改善饮食结构和科学开展体育锻炼降低女性血脂异常患病率。

Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of dyslipidemia of the female residents, over the age of 18, in urban and rural area of zhengzhou in 2018, and to provide scientific basis for the prevention and intervention of dyslipidemia. Methods A multi-stage stratified cluster random sampling method was adopted to select4 013 female permanent residents over 18 years old in 2 districts and 2 counties of zhengzhou as the survey objects.Questionnaire survey, body measurement and venous blood test were conducted, and statistical analysis was conducted with SPSS21.0 software. Results The prevalence of dyslipidemia, which was characterized by high triglycerides and low high-density lipoprotein, was 21.06 % among urban and rural female residents, while the detection rate of dyslipidemia was 25.73 % in urban areas, less than that of 16.44 % in rural areas(P<0.001). The detection rates of hypertension, diabetes and obesity were 26.64 %, 13.13 % and 16.77 %, respectively. The detection rate of dyslipidemia in urban areas was higher than that in rural areas in all age groups over 40 years old(P <0.001). The detection rates of hypertension, overweight obesity and central obesity in rural areas were higher than those in urban areas(P<0.001). Conclusion The rate of dyslipidemia among female residents in urban areas of zhengzhou is higher than that in rural areas. Therefore, early health intervention should be carried out for high-risk groups with obesity and other risk factors, and the prevalence of dyslipidemia among females could be reduced through dietary adjustment and physical exercises.