山地户外运动罹难事故的基本特征及发生规律--以2008~2017年户外山难事件罹难者为例

Features and Laws of Out-door Sports Accidents: A Case Study of Victims of Mountain Climbing Accidents from 2008 to 2017

以户外罹难者为研究对象,通过卡方检验、对称度量探索户外罹难事故的基本特征及其规律。研究结果显示,自本世纪以来,户外罹难事故逐年攀升,并由高海拔向低海拔、由挑战型向娱乐型和健身型转移,罹难者年龄由中、青年向边缘年龄延伸;自发组织是驴友参与山地户外运动的主要形式,但其"非盈利性"降低了组织稳定性和责任意识,带来了极大的安全隐患;由于缺乏科学的户外精神,山地户外运动正朝向无序、浮躁的方向发展,人为诱因成为了最大的隐形杀手。

Taking the outdoor victims as the research object, this paper explores the basic characteristics and rules of outdoor casualties through chi square test and symmetric measurement. The results show that since the beginning of this century, outdoor accidents have been increasing year by year, and they have been transferred from high altitude to low altitude, from challenge type to entertainment type and fitness type. Spontaneous organization is the main form for donkey friends to participate in mountain outdoor sports, but its "non-profit" reduces the organizational stability and sense of responsibility, and brings great security risks. Due to the lack of scientific outdoor spirit, mountain outdoor sports are moving towards the direction of disorder and impetuosity, and human induced factors have become the biggest invisible killer.